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Phenotyping asthma using an unsupervised prediction model based on blood granulocyte responsiveness
Clinical and Translational Allergy volume 5, Article number: O2 (2015)
Background
The clinical identification of inflammatory asthma phenotypes currently requires sputum analysis. Sputum analysis has proven its value in diagnosis and disease monitoring. However, technical limitations hamper its implementation in daily clinical practice. There is a strong need for fast, non-invasive and accurate diagnostic methods to phenotype and monitor asthma.
Objective
To assess whether Nonlinear Principal Component Analysis (NLPCA) of peripheral blood characteristics and clinical parameters can identify inflammatory phenotypes in asthma without the need for sputum analysis.
Method
Clinical parameters, activation of blood granulocytes and sputum phenotypes were assessed in 115 adult asthma patients (NCT01611012). Blood granulocytes were stained with antibodies against the active FcγRII receptor (CD32, clones A17/A27) and α-chain of MAC-1 (CD11b) in the presence or absence of fMLF, and analysed by flow cytometry. NLPCA was used to reduce dimensions in a combined cellular and clinical dataset, followed by discriminant analysis to generate a prediction model. Phenotypes identified by the model were cross-validated by inflammatory sputum phenotypes based on sputum induction (reference test).
Results
Peripheral blood eosinophil count, FeNO (Fraction of Exhaled Nitric Oxide), ACQ (Asthma Control Questionnaire), medication use, nasal polyposis, aspirin sensitivity and neutrophil/eosinophil responsiveness upon stimulation, are important parameters to differentiate between eosinophilic and non-eosinophilic phenotypes. The combinations of these parameters lead to an accurate prediction model for eosinophilic asthma with 90.5% sensitivity and 91.5% specificity.
Conclusion
The proposed prediction model identifies eosinophilic asthma by using peripheral blood analysis, FeNO and routine clinical data, resulting in a reliable non-invasive test that is adequate for daily clinical practice.
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This article is published under license to BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.
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Hilvering, B., Vijverberg, S., Jansen, J. et al. Phenotyping asthma using an unsupervised prediction model based on blood granulocyte responsiveness. Clin Transl Allergy 5 (Suppl 2), O2 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1186/2045-7022-5-S2-O2
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/2045-7022-5-S2-O2
Keywords
- Asthma
- Nasal Polyposis
- Sputum Induction
- Asthma Control Questionnaire
- Blood Eosinophil Count