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Table 3 Modulation of the pollen matrix composition and allergenicity by air pollutants

From: Initiating pollen sensitization – complex source, complex mechanisms

 

Plant family

Plant species

Increase in allergen expression level

Increased PALM release

Increased reactivity in SPT

Tree

Betulaceae

White birch (Betula verrucosa)

Ozone [151], air pollutants and bacteria [48]

Traffic-related air pollution [153], air pollutants & bacteria [48]

Ozone [151]

Platanaceae

Oriental plane tree (Platanus orientalis)

Traffic-related air pollution [148]

  

Grass

Poaceae

Timothy grass (Phleum pratense)

Traffic-related air pollution [153]

Traffic-related air pollution [153]

 

Poaceae

Rye grass (Lolium perenne)

Ozone [149]

  

Weed

Asteraceae

Short ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia)

Ozone [150]

  

Asteraceae

Mugwort (Artemisia vulgaris)

 

Traffic-related air pollution [153]

 
  1. PALMs pollen-associated lipid mediators, SPT skin prick test