Table 2 Epinephrine Pharmacokinetic Parameters for Each Treatment Group Stratified by STMD and Sex
Parameter, mean (SD)a | Low STMD (< 15 mm, n = 12)b | Moderate STMD (15–20 mm, n = 12)b | High STMD (> 20 mm; n = 11)b | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Male (n = 6) | Female (n = 6) | All (n = 12) | Male (n = 6) | Female (n = 6) | All (n = 12) | Male (n = 5) | Female (n = 6) | All (n = 11) | |
EpiPen at the mid-AL thigh (n = 35) | |||||||||
Cpeak, ng/mL | 0.40 (0.10) | 0.64 (0.37) | 0.52 (0.29) | 0.48 (0.30) | 0.52 (0.23) | 0.50 (0.25) | 0.42 (0.21) | 0.63 (0.31) | 0.53 (0.28) |
AUC0-t, ng min/mL | 27.3 (10.4) | 28.8 (8.9) | 28.1 (9.3) | 20.9 (7.4) | 31.7 (15.9) | 26.3 (13.1) | 31.1 (13.3) | 40.3 (13.1) | 36.1 (13.4) |
Median tpeak (range), min | 17 (9–30) | 5 (3–60) | 9 (3–60) | 4.5 (2–30) | 15 (3–39) | 10.5 (2–39) | 30 (24–120) | 24.5 (9–60) | 30 (9–120) |
IM syringe at the mid-AL thigh (n = 35) | |||||||||
Cpeak, ng/mL | 0.25 (0.09) | 0.36 (0.10) | 0.31 (0.10) | 0.32 (0.15) | 0.37 (0.07) | 0.35 (0.11) | 0.27 (0.10) | 0.51 (0.24) | 0.40 (0.22) |
AUC0-t, ng min/mL | 20.1 (8.7) | 28.8 (6.8) | 24.4 (8.7) | 25.7 (8.7) | 28.1 (10.1) | 26.9 (9.1) | 22.6 (13.1) | 30.6 (13.8) | 27.0 (13.4) |
Median tpeak (range), min | 50 (25–60) | 40 (25–50) | 40 (25–60) | 49.5 (3–60) | 45 (6–50) | 45 (3–60) | 50 (30–60) | 50 (6–60) | 50 (6–60) |
EpiPen at the distal-AL thigh (n = 23) | |||||||||
Cpeak, ng/mL | – | – | – | 0.36 (0.26) | 0.49 (0.32) | 0.42 (0.28) | 0.30 (0.11) | 0.46 (0.21) | 0.39 (0.19) |
AUC0-t, ng min/mL | – | – | – | 22.5 (6.9) | 26.9 (15.5) | 24.7 (11.7) | 25.1 (10.4) | 37.4 (11.9) | 31.8 (12.4) |
Median tpeak (range), min | – | – | – | 29.5 (3–60) | 25 (9–40) | 25 (3–60) | 30 (25–60) | 9 (6–40) | 25 (6–60) |