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Table 3 The Relation between exposure indicators of indoor dampness and mold problems and the risk of ACOS and asthma only, the Finnish Environment and Asthma Study

From: Indoor mold odor in the workplace increases the risk of Asthma-COPD Overlap Syndrome: a population-based incident case–control study

Exposure indicator

Location

Outcome

Unadjusted

Adjusted for gender, age, education, and smoking

OR (95% CI)

OR (95% CI)

Any water damage

At home

Asthma only

1.02 (0.69–1.49)

1.04 (0.70–1.54)

ACOS

NA

NA

At work

Asthma only

0.94 (0.65–1.36)

0.91 (0.63–1.32)

ACOS

0.28 (0.04–2.08)

0.51 (0.07–4.05)

At home and/or at work

Asthma only

0.89 (0.66–1.21)

0.89 (0.65–1.20)

ACOS

0.15 (0.02–1.12)

0.23 (0.03–1.76)

Any dampness

At home

Asthma only

1.01 (0.74–1.36)

1.01 (0.74–1.37)

ACOS

0.55 (0.16–1.85)

0.60 (0.17–2.08)

At work

Asthma only

0.95 (0.69–1.30)

0.91 (0.66–1.26)

ACOS

0.39 (0.09–1.66)

0.70 (0.16–3.13)

At home and/or at work

Asthma only

0.97 (0.75–1.25)

0.95 (0.73–1.23)

ACOS

0.50 (0.19–1.34)

0.68 (0.25–1.90)

Any visible mold

At home

Asthma only

0.77 (0.44–1.34)

0.75 (0.43 1.32)

ACOS

NA

NA

At work

Asthma only

1.43 (0.84–2.41)

1.33 (0.78–2.27)

ACOS

NA

NA

At home and/or at work

Asthma only

1.07 (0.72–1.59)

1.02 (0.68–1.53)

ACOS

NA

NA

Any mold odor

At home

Asthma only

1.08 (0.72–1.62)

1.03 (0.68–1.57)

ACOS

0.86 (0.20–3.69)

0.98 (0.21–4.52)

At work

Asthma only

1.25 (0.84–1.85)

1.15 (0.77–1.72)

ACOS

1.87 (0.63–5.58)

3.43 (1.04–11.29)a

At home and/or at work

Asthma only

1.10 (0.80–1.51)

1.03 (0.74–1.42)

ACOS

1.57 (0.62–4.00)

2.37 (0.86–6.54)

Any visible mold or mold odor

At home

Asthma only

0.99 (0.69–1.43)

0.96 (0.66–1.40)

ACOS

0.60 (0.14–2.57)

0.75 (0.17–3.38)

At work

Asthma only

1.27 (0.88–1.84)

1.19 (0.82–1.73)

ACOS

1.60 (0.54–4.76)

3.17 (0.97–10.37)

At home and/or at work

Asthma only

1.11 (0.83–1.48)

1.06 (0.78–1.42)

ACOS

1.21 (0.48–3.07)

1.95 (0.72–5.30)

  1. ACOS Asthma-COPD Overlap Syndrome, CI confidence interval, NA not applicable, OR odds ratio
  2. aStatistically significant (p < 0.05)