Table 3 Clinical characteristics of the individuals with asthma (mild to moderate and severe) studied
Characteristics | Smokers (n = 78) | Household air pollution (n = 358) | Double exposure (n = 155) | No exposure (n = 405) | P § |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | ||
Asthma control status | |||||
Uncontrolled | 22 (28.2) | 108 (30.2)e | 52 (33.5)f | 76 (18.8) | < 0.001 |
Controlled | 56 (71.8) | 250 (69.8) | 103 (66.5) | 329 (81.2) | |
Asthma severity | |||||
Mild to moderate | 44 (56.4)b.c | 124 (34.6)d.e | 39 (25.2)f | 245 (60.5) | < 0.001 |
Severe | 34 (43.6) | 234 (65.4) | 116 (74.8) | 160 (39.5) | |
Oral corticosteroid bursts in the last 12 months | |||||
None | 48 (61.5) | 192 (53.6) | 82 (52.9) | 239 (59.0) | 0.329 |
1 or more | 30 (38.5) | 163 (45.5) | 70 (45.2) | 163 (40.2) | |
No information | – | 03 (0.8) | 03 (1.9) | 03 (0.7) | |
Hospitalization for asthma last 12 months | |||||
None | 77 (98.7) | 348 (97.2) | 146 (94.2)f | 397 (98.0) | 0.079 |
1 or more | 01 (1.3) | 10 (2.8) | 09 (5.8) | 08 (2.0) | |
Emergency visits for asthma in last 12 months | |||||
None | 55 (70.5) | 244 (68.2) | 103 (66.5) | 249 (61.5) | 0.194 |
1 or more | 23 (29.5) | 114 (31.8) | 52 (33.5) | 155 (38.3) | |
No information | – | – | – | 01 (0.2) | |
ICU hospitalization during lifetime | 07 (9.0) | 45 (12.6)e | 23 (14.8)f | 24 (5.9) | 0.003 |
Body mass index ≥ 30 kg/m2 | 27 (34.6) | 122 (34.1) | 51 (32.9) | 123 (30.4) | 0.691 |
First asthma symptoms after 18 years of age | 20 (25.6) | 124 (34.6)e | 56 (36.1)f | 97 (24.0) | 0.002 |