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Table 3 Drug classes deemed responsible for the cutaneous adverse reactions occurred in the context of hospitalisations with an associated diagnosis of erythema multiforme (EM) or Stevens–Johnson syndrome/toxic epidermal necrolysis (SJS/TEN); Mainland Portugal, 2009–2014 (n = 254 hospitalisations)

From: Stevens–Johnson syndrome/toxic epidermal necrolysis and erythema multiforme drug-related hospitalisations in a national administrative database

Drug class—n (%)

Cutaneous adverse reactions

SJS/TEN

EM (N = 122)

SJS/TEN (N = 132)

P value

SJS (N = 73)

SJS–TEN overlapa (N = 18)

TEN (N = 41)

P value

Antibiotics

36 (29.5)

34 (25.8)

0.504

18 (24.7)

6 (33.3)

10 (24.4)

0.731

 Penicillins

9 (7.4)

9 (6.8)

0.862

2 (2.7)

4 (22.2)

3 (7.3)

0.016

 Other specified antibioticsa

22 (18.0)

22 (16.7)

0.774

14 (19.2)

1 (5.6)

7 (17.1)

0.380

 Unspecified antibiotics

4 (3.3)

2 (1.5)

0.431

1 (1.4)

–

1 (2.4)

0.999

Other anti-infectives

10 (8.2)

18 (13.6)

0.167

12 (16.4)

4 (22.2)

2 (4.9)

0.117

 Sulfonamides

4 (3.3)

8 (6.1)

0.296

5 (6.8)

2 (11.1)

1 (2.4)

0.285

 Antimycobacterial drugs

1 (0.8)

2 (1.5)

0.999

2 (2.7)

–

–

0.654

 Antiviral drugs

1 (0.8)

7 (5.3)

0.068

4 (5.5)

2 (11.1)

1 (2.4)

0.340

Hormones and synthetic substitutes

7 (5.7)

7 (5.3)

0.879

5 (6.8)

2 (11.1)

–

0.126

Antineoplastic and immunosuppressive drugsb

13 (10.7)

7 (5.3)

0.114

3 (4.1)

1 (5.6)

3 (7.3)

0.759

Agents primarily affecting blood constituents

–

4 (3.0)

0.123

2(2.7)

1 (5.6)

1 (2.4)

0.611

Analgesics, antipyretics, and antirheumatics

11 (9.0)

7 (5.3)

0.249

3 (4.1)

1 (5.6)

3 (7.3)

0.759

Anticonvulsants

13 (10.7)

22 (16.7)

0.165

12 (16.4)

2 (11.1)

8 (19.5)

0.726

Sedatives and hypnotics

–

1 (0.8)

0.999

–

1 (5.6)

–

0.136

Psychotropic agents

2 (1.6)

4 (3.0)

0.685

2 (2.7)

–

2 (4.9)

0.789

Agents primarily affecting the cardiovascular system

2 (1.6)

2 (1.5)

0.999

1 (1.4)

–

1 (2.4)

0.999

Uric acid metabolism drugsc

21 (17.2)

26 (19.7)

0.611

17 (23.3)

2 (11.1)

7 (17.1)

0.447

Agents primarily acting on the smooth and skeletal muscles and respiratory system

1 (0.8)

–

0.480

–

–

–

 

Agents primarily affecting skin and mucous membrane, ophthalmological, otorhinolaryngological and dental drugs

1 (0.8)

–

0.480

–

–

–

 

Other and unspecified drugs and medicinal substancesd

9 (7.4)

12 (9.1)

0.620

7 (9.6)

–

5 (12.2)

0.368

  1. aIncludes, among others, macrolides, tetracyclines, and cephalosporins
  2. bThese were the only drugs of the class “primarily systemic agents” in which cutaneous adverse reactions were registered
  3. cThese were the only drugs of the class “water, mineral, and uric acid metabolism drugs” in which cutaneous adverse reactions were registered
  4. dThere were no cutaneous adverse reactions associated with use of drugs belonging to the classes “other central nervous system depressants and anesthetics”, “central nervous system stimulants”, “drugs primarily affecting the autonomic nervous system” and “agents primarily affecting gastrointestinal system”
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Clinical and Translational Allergy

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