Stevens–Johnson syndrome/toxic epidermal necrolysis and erythema multiforme drug-related hospitalisations in a national administrative database

Table 1 Demographic and clinical characteristics of hospitalised patients with an associated diagnosis of erythema multiforme (EM) or Stevens–Johnson syndrome/toxic epidermal necrolysis (SJS/TEN); Mainland Portugal, 2009–2014 (n = 254 hospitalisations)

Characteristics	Cutaneous adverse reactions			SJS/TEN
Characteristics	EM^a (N = 122)	SJS/TEN (N = 132)	P value	Stevens–Johnson Syndrome (N = 73)	SJS–TEN overlap^b (N = 18)	Toxic epidermal necrolysis (N = 41)	P value
Episodes as main diagnosis—n (%)	34 (27.9)	89 (66.4)		45 (61.6)	14 (77.8)	30 (68.3)
6-years incidence (per million inhabitants)	12.2	13.2		7.3	1.8	4.1
Gender—n (%)
Male	43 (35.2)	60 (45.5)	0.098	34 (46.6)	9 (50.0)	17 (41.5)	0.798
Female	79 (64.8)	72 (54.5)		39 (53.4)	9 (50.0)	25 (58.5)
Age (years)
Median (percentile 25–75)	63 (44–77)	63 (45–75)	0.903	64 (46–79)	57 (34–72)	65 (48–74)	0.492
Comorbidities
Hypertension	39 (32.0)	46 (34.8)	0.627	29 (39.7)	5 (27.8)	12 (29.3)	0.422
Diabetes	19 (15.6)	22 (16.7)	0.813	13 (17.8)	4 (22.2)	5 (12.2)	0.589
Heart failure	10 (8.2)	13 (9.8)	0.647	8 (11.0)	3 (16.7)	2 (4.9)	0.272
Chronic kidney disease	12 (9.8)	15 (11.4)	0.693	7 (9.6)	4 (22.2)	4 (9.8)	0.340
Liver disease	11 (9.0)	10 (7.6)	0.677	4 (5.5)	3 (16.7)	3 (7.3)	0.203
Acute toxic hepatitis	7 (5.7)	6 (4.5)	0.882	2 (2.7)	2 (11.1)	2 (4.9)	0.269
HIV	2 (1.6)	12 (9.1)	0.009	8 (11.0)	3 (16.7)	1 (2.4)	0.115
Length-of-stay^c (days)
Median (percentile 25–75)	10 (5–20)	15 (7–28)	0.007	15 (7–23)	23 (9–36)	14 (7–28)	0.456
In-hospital mortality—n (%)	9 (7.4)	32 (24.2)	< 0.001	12 (16.4)	2 (11.1)	18 (43.9)	0.002

^aEncompasses 5 cases of EM minor, 11 cases of EM major, 10 cases of other forms of EM, and 96 cases of unspecified EM
^bStevens–Johnson and toxic epidermal necrolysis overlap syndrome
^cIncludes all episodes, including those resulting in the death of patients