From: Lung function in severe pediatric asthma: a longitudinal study in children and adolescents in Brazil
Variable | At enrollment | At the end of follow-up |
---|---|---|
Female gender, n (%) | 41 (63.0) | 41 (63.0) |
Age (years)a | 10.4 (7.8; 13.6) | 13.5 (8.7; 16.1) |
BMI | 0.31 (− 0.64; 0.88) | − 0.01 (− 0.65; 1.05) |
Z-score > 3 | 0 | 1.0 (1.67) |
Time followed by a pediatric pulmonologist (years)a | 6.1 (4.3; 9.3) | – |
Age of onset symptoms (years) | 0.6 (1.3; 0.3) | – |
Duration of disease (years)a | 9.8 (6.1; 12.6) | – |
Duration of ICS treatment (years)a | 7.0 (4.6; 9.7) | – |
Severe exacerbations in the last 12 months, n (%) | 61 (94) | 19 (29.2) |
History of ICU admission due to asthma, n (%) | 13 (20) | 0 |
Asthma Control Test scorea | 15.5 (12.0; 20.0) | 22.0 (19.0; 24.0) |
Treatment adherence, %a | 92.0 (75; 100) | 93.2 (80; 100) |
Inhaler technique, n (%) | 49 (75.4) | 52 (80.0) |
Lung function, n (%) | ||
FEV1 and FEV1/FVC ratio ≥ 80% of predicted | 32 (49.2) | 52 (80.0) |
FEV1 and FEV1/FVC ratio < 80% of predicted | 33 (50.8) | 13 (20.0) |
FEF25–75% < 70% of predicted | 32 (49.2) | 22 (44.4) |
FEF25–75% < 30% of predicted | 1 (1.5) | 1 (1.5) |
Medication(s) used | ||
Dose of ICS (µg/day)a,b | 800.0 (800.0; 1600.0) | 876.1 (800.0; 2400.0) |
Long-acting β2 agonist, n (%) | 65 (100) | 65 (100.0) |
Leukotriene receptor antagonist, n (%) | 11 (16.9) | 40 (61.5) |
Oral corticosteroid (continuous use), n (%) | 8 (12.3) | 6 (9.2) |
Omalizumab, n (%) | 0 | 6 (7.8) |
Comorbidities | ||
Allergic rhinitis, n (%) | 62.0 (95.4) | 62.0 (95.4) |
Allergic rhinitis scorea | 9.5 (5.3; 12.8) | 6.0 (3.0; 10.0) |
Gastroesophageal reflux disease, n (%) | 9.0 (13.9) | 9.0 (13.9) |
Psychosocial problems, n (%) | 10.0 (15.4) | 15.0 (23.4) |
Reported passive smoking in the home, n (%) | 26.0 (40.0) | 0 |
Fraction of exhaled nitric oxide (ppb) | 22.5 (10.0; 43.3) | 13.5 (4.3; 36.5) |
Serum IgE (IU/mL)a | 821.0 (299.0; 1441.0) | – |
Serum IgE of 30–1500 IU/mL, n (%) | 10 (15.4) | – |
Positive skin prick test result, n (%) | 62 (95.4) | – |
Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, n (%) | 51 (78.5) | – |
Dermatophagoides farinae, n (%) | 43 (66.2) | – |
Blomia tropicalis, n (%) | 49 (75.4) | – |
Periplaneta americana, n (%) | 13 (20.3) | – |
Cat dander, n (%) | 7 (10.8) | – |
Blattella germanica, n (%) | 12 (18.5) | – |
Dog dander, n (%) | 10 (15.4) | – |
Interval between spirometry tests (months)a | ||
Cohort as a whole | – | 3.03 (1.87; 3.97) |
> 800 µg/day subgroup | – | 2.57 (1.63; 4.20) |