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Table 3 Association between severity of asthma (asthma score) and fruit and vegetable intake in adults from GA2LEN

From: Is fruit and vegetable intake associated with asthma or chronic rhino-sinusitis in European adults? Results from the Global Allergy and Asthma Network of Excellence (GA2LEN) Survey

Fruit and vegetable groups

Asthma score

Effect size (β-coefficient (95% confidence intervals)

Unadjusted (n = 3206)

Adjusted (n = 2945)

Fruits

  

 Hard fruits

0.01 (−0.11, 0.14) n = 3196

−0.02 (0.15, 0.11) n = 2940

 Bananas

0.03 (−0.14, 0.21) n = 3187

0.04 (−0.19, 0.27) n = 2934

 Citrus fruits

−0.05 (−0.19, 0.09) n = 3196

−0.03 (−0.18, 0.12) n = 2938

 Oily fruits

0.25 (0.02, 0.48) n = 3196

0.24 (0.01, 0.46) n = 2942

 Freshly squeezed fruit

0.16 (−0.03, 0.36) n = 3184

0.18 (−0.01, 0.38) n = 2930

 Berries

−0.07 (−0.32, 0.19) n = 3159

−0.12 (−0.37, 0.13) n = 2907

 Nectarines

0.26 (−0.10, 0.62) n = 3197

0.16 (−0.33, 0.65) n = 2942

 Dried fruits

1.89 (3.36,0.42) n = 3190

2.34 (4.09,0.59) n = 2937

 Tropical fruits

0.13 (−0.31, 0.56) n = 3194

0.21 (−0.15, 0.55) n = 2940

 Canned fruits

−4.62 (−6.50, −2.74) n = 3181

−5.66 (−11.4, 0.07) n = 2930

 Dark pigmented fruits

−0.11 (−0.41, 0.19) n = 3201

−0.09 (−0.37, 0.19) n = 2944

 All fruits

−0.03 (−0.16, 0.10) n = 3203

0.04 (−0.09, 0.17) n = 2944

 Nuts

0.21 (−0.12, 0.54) n = 3192

0.20 (−0.21, 0.61) n = 2935

Vegetables

 Leafy vegetables

0.11 (−0.04, 0.26) n = 3195

0.03 (−0.15, 0.22) n = 2937

 Fruity vegetables

0.16 (0.04, 0.28) n = 3202

0.17 (0.04, 0.30) n = 2942

 Cucurbitacea

0.07 (−0.10, 0.24) n = 3202

−0.02 (−0.22, 0.18) n = 2943

 Apiaceae

0.05 (−0.12, 0.21) n = 3204

0.05 (−0.09, 0.19) n = 2943

 Other root vegetables

0.13 (−0.08, 0.33) n = 3200

0.12 (−0.13, 0.37) n = 2942

 Maize/corn

0.41 (−0.12, 0.93) n = 3189

0.47 (−0.04, 0.98) n = 2936

 Alliums

0.27 (0.15, 0.39) n = 3203

0.23 (0.06, 0.40) n = 2944

 Brassicaceae

0.30 (0.01. 0.59) n = 3202

0.20 (−0.02, 0.41) n = 2943

 Potatoes

0.09 (−0.21, 0.38) n = 3194

0.002 (−0.24, 0.24) n = 2937

 Pickled vegetables

−2.32 (−4.17, −0.47) n = 3175

−1.90 (−3.94, 0.14) n = 2924

 Legumes

2.10 (3.65,0.45) n = 3196

−1.98 (−4.13, 0.18) n = 2939

 All vegetables

0.12 (−0.001, 0.25) n = 3206

0.11 (−0.03, 0.25) n = 2945

  1. Italics indicate a statistically significant effect size