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Table 2 The adjusted odds ratios of atopic sensitization and atopic disease in adolescence in 617 Norwegian children by weight/BMI SDS and physical activity after backward stepwise selection of potential confounders (one model for each predictor variable)

From: Body mass index and physical activity in early childhood are associated with atopic sensitization, atopic dermatitis and asthma in later childhood

Predictor

Outcome variable (final analyses)

Atopic sensitizationa,b

Allergic rhinoconjunctivitisa

Atopic dermatitisc

Age

n

OR

95 % CI

LR-p

n

OR

95 % CI

LR-p

n

OR

95 % CI

LR-p

Weight SDS

Birth

380

1.05

(0.87, 1.26)

0.609

580

0.92

(0.77, 1.10)

0.338

544

1.04

(0.88, 1.22)

0.638

BMI SDS

3 months

353

1.13

(0.90, 1.41)

0.315

521

0.91

(0.73, 1.14)

0.427

487

1.04

(0.84, 1.30)

0.694

6 months

363

1.15

(0.93, 1.42)

0.205

537

0.91

(0.74, 1.12)

0.390

503

1.05

(0.86, 1.28)

0.654

1 year

363

1.22

(1.00, 1.49)

0.050

537

0.97

(0.80, 1.18)

0.795

503

1.06

(0.87, 1.28)

0.557

4 yearsd

320

1.01

(0.80, 1.27)

0.934

456

0.86

(0.69, 1.08)

0.191

427

1.32

(1.06, 1.65)

0.012

First follow-upe

358

0.95

(0.79, 1.15)

0.612

562

0.87

(0.73, 1.04)

0.126

527

1.11

(0.93, 1.33)

0.225

Second follow-upe

354

0.96

(0.79, 1.17)

0.680

   

N.A.

   

N.A.

Physical activity

At 3–6 yearsf

320

  

0.039

456

  

0.157

427

  

0.519

 Normal

192

1.00

Reference

 

277

1.00

Reference

 

259

1.00

Reference

 

 Low

40

2.36

(1.15, 4.81)

 

57

1.60

(0.83, 3.09)

 

57

1.30

(0.65, 2.61)

 

 High

88

0.90

(0.50, 1.61)

 

122

0.77

(0.44, 1.35)

 

111

1.34

(0.78, 2.30)

 

At 6–10 yearsg

358

  

0.773

562

  

0.126

527

  

0.033

 Normal

234

1.00

Reference

 

353

1.00

Reference

 

333

1.00

Reference

 

 Low

57

1.05

(0.57, 1.96)

 

93

1.67

(0.97, 2.87)

 

89

1.49

(0.87, 2.56)

 

 High

67

0.82

(0.45, 1.49)

 

116

1.15

(0.68, 1.93)

 

105

1.94

(1.16, 3.24)

 
  1. First follow-up: 10.8 years (girls) and 11.8 years (boys); Second follow-up: 12.8 years (both sexes)
  2. Italics numbers indicate statistically significant results
  3. n number of participants, OR odds ratio, CI confidence interval, LR-p (likelihood ratio-test p-value) refers to predictor only, BMI body mass index (kg/m2), SDS standard deviation score, N.A. not applicable
  4. aAdjusted for sex, preeclampsia and gestational age
  5. bn = 388. Ordinal response: none, low grade, high grade (sum of specific IgE ≥ 3.9 kU/l; above the lower quartile of all children being sensitized)
  6. cAdjusted for sex, mother’s asthma and mother’s smoking
  7. dAlso adjusted for physical activity at 3–6 years
  8. eAlso adjusted for physical activity at 6–10 years
  9. fAlso adjusted for BMI SDS at 4 years
  10. gAlso adjusted for BMI SDS at the first follow-up