| Participants with food hypersensitivity (n = 41) | Control participants (n = 82) | p value |
---|---|---|---|
Maternal atopy | 36 (87.8Â %) | 52 (63.4Â %) | 0.002 |
Paternal atopy | 23 (57.5Â %) | 50 (61.0Â %) | 0.844 |
Mean maternal pre-pregnancy weight, kg | 65.9 (14.0) | 64.0 (11.5) | 0.558 |
Mean maternal pre-pregnancy height, cm | 164.1 (5.9) | 165.0 (6.6) | 0.690 |
Median parity | 0.0 (0.0–1.0) | 0.0 (0.0–1.0) | 0.729 |
Singleton pregnancy | 40 (97.6Â %) | 82 (100.0Â %) | 0.333 |
Maternal smoking in pregnancy | 1 (2.4Â %) | 3 (3.7Â %) | 1.000 |
Other household smoking in pregnancy | 8 (19.5Â %) | 5 (6.1Â %) | 0.027 |
Aspirin/paracetamol during pregnancy | 30 (81.1Â %) | 49 (69.0Â %) | 0.132 |
Any anti-inflammatory during pregnancy | 4 (11.1Â %) | 7 (9.9Â %) | 0.542 |
Maternal antibiotics during pregnancy | 9 (22.0Â %) | 19 (23.3Â %) | 0.286 |
Mode of delivery | |||
 Normal | 20 (51.3 %) | 37 (45.7 %) | 0.860 |
 Caesarean | 13 (31.7 %) | 20 (24.4 %) | |
 Forceps | 3 (7.3 %) | 12 (14.8 %) | |
Mean gestation, weeks | 39.5 (1.7) | 40.0 (1.4) | 0.062 |
Mean birth weight, grams | 3480 (470) | 3370 (562) | 0.913 |
Antibiotics in first week of age | 0 (0.0Â %) | 0 (0.0Â %) | 1.000 |
Environmental | |||
 Urban living Environment | 8 (19.5 %) | 11 (13.4 %) | 0.601 |
 Live on a main road | 3 (7.3 %) | 5 (6.1 %) | 0.535 |
 Cat at home | 10 (24.4 %) | 24 (29.3 %) | 0.365 |
 Dog at home | 13 (31.7 %) | 12 (14.6 %) | 0.026 |
 Mould in home | 5 (12.2 %) | 8 (9.8 %) | 0.457 |
 Type of flooring where baby sleeps | |||
  Carpet | 37 (90.2 %) | 72 (87.8 %) | 0.757 |
  Wooden, laminate or parquet | 4 (9.8 %) | 9 (11.0 %) | |
  Linoleum or vinyl tiles | 0 (0.0 %) | 1 (1.2 %) | |
Type of mattress your baby sleeps on | |||
  Foam | 29 (70.7 %) | 51 (62.2 %) | 0.362 |
  Synthetic | 10 (24.4 %) | 22 (26.8 %) | |
  Other | 2 (4.9 %) | 9 (11.0 %) | |
 Cleaning kitchen work surfaces | |||
  Non-bactericidal | 12 (29.3 %) | 27 (32.9 %) | 0.396 |
  Bactericidal | 27 (65.9 %) | 50 (61.0 %) | |
  Neither | 1 (2.4 %) | 5 (6.1 %) | |
  Do not know | 1 (2.4 %) | 0 (0.0 %) | |
 Cleaning table where you eat | |||
  Spray cleaner | 26 (63.4 %) | 38 (46.3 %) | 0.131 |
  Soap and Water | 10 (24.4 %) | 19 (23.2 %) | |
  Just water | 2 (4.9 %) | 6 (7.3 %) | |
  None of these | 3 (7.3 %) | 19 (23.2 %) | |
 Pacifier/dummy | |||
  Latex | 5 (12.2 %) | 8 (9.8 %) | 0.202 |
  Silicon | 21 (51.2 %) | 32 (39.0 %) | |
 Attendance at day care or a nursery | 13 (31.7 %) | 19 (23.2 %) | 0.246 |
 Mean age when started day care or a nursery, months | 7.3 (2.19) | 8.74 (3.74) | 0.269 |
Health | |||
 Upper respiratory infection | |||
  None | 9 (23.7 %) | 21 (27.6 %) | 0.856 |
  Occasionally | 20 (52.6 %) | 36 (47.4 %) | |
  Often | 9 (23.7 %) | 19 (25.0 %) | |
 Lower respiratory infection | |||
  None | 34 (89.5 %) | 71 (93.4 %) | 0.462 |
  Occasionally | 4 (10.5 %) | 4 (5.3 %) | |
  Often | 0 (0.0 %) | 1 (1.3 %) | |
 Wheeze with upper respiratory infection | |||
  None | 24 (63.2 %) | 59 (77.6 %) | 0.195 |
  Occasionally | 11 (28.9 %) | 15 (19.7 %) | |
  Often | 3 (7.9 %) | 2 (2.6 %) | |
 Bronchiolitis (bronchitis) | |||
  None | 36 (94.7 %) | 75 (98.7 %) | 0.106 |
  Occasionally | 2 (5.3 %) | 1 (1.3 %) | |
  Often | 0 (0.0 %) | 0 (0.0 %) | |
 Middle ear infection | |||
  None | 32 (84.2 %) | 70 (92.1 %) | 0.165 |
  Occasionally | 6 (15.8 %) | 6 (7.9 %) | |
  Often | 0 (0.0 %) | 0 (0 %) | |
 Gastrointestinal illness | |||
  None | 30 (78.9 %) | 69 (90.8 %) | 0.125 |
  Occasionally | 7 (18.4 %) | 7 (9.2 %) | |
  Often | 1 (2.6 %) | 0 (0.0 %) | |
Medication | |||
 Median number of antibiotics in last 12 months | 1 (0–2) | 0.5 (0–1) | 0.341 |
 Mean age when first received antibiotics, months | 8.65 (7.04) | 8.44 (6.59) | 0.964 |
 Received aspirin | 1 (2.6 %) | 0 (0.0 %) | 0.333 |
 Received paracetamol | 38 (100.0 %) | 74 (97.4 %) | 0.442 |
 Received anti-inflammatories (e.g. Ibuprofen, Nurofen) | 29 (76.3 %) | 51 (67.1 %) | 0.214 |
 Received anti-reflux medication | 11 (28.9 %) | 10 (13.2 %) | 0.039 |
 Received any vaccinations | 37 (97.4 %) | 73 (96.0 %) | 0.565 |
 Received any skin creams, lotions or powders | 33 (86.8 %) | 55 (72.4 %) | 0.079 |