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Table 2 Children who underwent a mixed nut challenge

From: Usefulness of open mixed nut challenges to exclude tree nut allergy in children

Case

Age (yrs)

Reason for long elimination diet

Mix

Max dose (g)*

Symptoms

Outcome

Conclusion & advice

Pre diet

Post diet

sIgE Grass

sIgE Birch

sIgE Haz

sIgE Alm

sIgE Cas

sIgE Pis

sIgE Bra

sIgE Pec

sIgE Wal

1

6,5

Multiple sensitization and peanut allergy

A

6,7

Aversion with OAS, abdominal pain, vomiting

+/−

Tree nut allergy, multiple challenges

No nuts

No nuts

0,5

1,5

13,1

1,1

3,0

1,2

0,4

0,6

0,4

2

6,6

Multiple sensitization and reaction to 1 nut (Cas S2)

B

13,3

Aversion

+/−

Suspected cas/pis allergy introduction of alm, bra, pec, wal

Alm

Alm, bra, pec, wal1

0,2

0,0

0,9

0,0

1,1

0,2

0,0

0,0

0,0

3

15,2

Multiple sensitization

and eczema

A

20,1

Rhino-conjunctivitis

+

Suspected tree nut allergy, introduction of alm, bra, pec

No nuts

Alm, bra, pec1

10,4

76,0

21,8

0,3

1,2

2,1

0,1

0,3

7,1

4

9,7

Multiple sensitization and peanut allergy

A

6,7

Rash, urticaria, conjunctivitis, sensation of throat tightness, abdominal pain

+

Tree nut allergy, multiple challenges

No nuts

Alm, wal2

19,6

37,0

15,5

2,7

7,9

7,8

1,5

0,3

1,2

5

9,4

Multiple sensitization and other food allergy

A

2,2

OAS, rhino-conjunctivitis, vomiting

+

Tree nut allergy, multiple challenges

No nuts

No nuts

50,0

101,0

74,0

0,4

2,7

4,1

0,2

0,3

0,3

6

5,4

Multiple sensitization and other food allergy

A

6,7

Rash, rhino-conjunctivitis, angioedema, vomiting

+

Tree nut allergy, multiple challenges

Alm

Alm

1,7

5,0

2,3

0,2

2,3

3,3

0,0

0,5

0,6

7

8

Multiple sensitization and other food allergy

A

  

-

Introduction all nuts

Alm

None

37,0

73,0

32,8

0,5

0,0

0,0

0,1

0,1

0,0

8

11,4

Multiple sensitization and reaction to 1 nut (Pis S5)

B

  

-

Introduction tested nuts

Ntn

No nuts3

0,0

0,0

2,0

0,6

12,0

23,7

0,4

0,7

2,9

9

6,3

Multiple sensitization and other food allergy

B

  

-

Introduction tested nuts

Ntn

No nuts4

14,1

101,0

19,7

0,3

7,3

10,8

0,0

0,8

2,8

10

15,4

Multiple sensitization and peanut allergy

A

  

-

Introduction all nuts

Ntn

No nuts5

101,0

43,0

8,5

2,4

0,4

0,6

0,1

0,9

1,9

11

10

Multiple sensitization and peanut allergy

A

  

-

Introduction all nuts

No nuts

None

7,9

2,3

2,3

2,5

1,1

1,6

1,0

1,8

2,1

12

9

Multiple sensitization and peanut allergy

A

  

-

Introduction all nuts

No nuts

None

56,0

101,0

87,0

7,0

1,2

1,0

0,9

0,7

0,3

13

9,8

Multiple sensitization

and eczema

A

  

-

Introduction all nuts

No nuts

None

11,3

1,4

0,5

0,3

0,3

0,6

0,2

0,2

0,2

14

9,7

Multiple sensitization and peanut allergy

A

  

-

Introduction all nuts

No nuts

None

101,0

101,0

101,0

7,4

1,6

2,5

1,2

2,9

2,6

15

8

Multiple sensitization

and eczema

A

  

-

Introduction all nuts

No nuts

No nuts6

19,0

17,8

8,6

0,3

0,8

1,0

0,4

0,0

0,1

16

17,1

Multiple sensitization and peanut allergy

A

  

-

Introduction all nuts

Ntn

None

16,0

36,0

27,9

2,3

1,8

1,2

1,1

0,2

0,4

17

14,1

Multiple sensitization and other food allergy

A

  

-

Introduction all nuts

No nuts

None

4,4

13,2

7,2

0,3

0,1

0,2

0,1

0,2

0,3

18

10

Multiple sensitization and peanut allergy

A

  

-

Introduction all nuts

Ntn

None

17,3

28,3

18.90

1,4

0,6

0,8

0,4

0,1

0,1

19

12,5

Multiple sensitization and peanut allergy

B

  

-

Introduction tested nuts

No nuts

No nuts4

30,0

101,0

3.50

1,0

17,4

20,7

0,5

1,2

2,1

  1. Alm, almond; Bra, Brazil nut; Cas, cashew nut; Haz, hazelnut; Ntn, no traces of nuts; Pec, pecan; Pis, pistachio; Wal, walnut
  2. * Maximum dose in total grams mixed tree nuts
  3. +, positive; −, negative; +/−, inconclusive
  4. 1Introduction started based on negative sIgE results
  5. 2Introduction started by parents
  6. 3Introduction not started due to comorbidities of the child
  7. 4Introduction successful but preventive nut free diet due to possible cashew or pistachio allergy
  8. 5Oral allergy symptoms after whole nuts
  9. 6Introduction not started, parents are used to diet due to other food allergies