Table 4 Characteristics of 39 patients with positive OPT according to the EAACI/ENDA classification [12]
Type of reaction | Clinical manifestation | Timing of reaction | Underlying disease | Cross-reactivity | Putative mechanism | Patients n = 38* |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
NSAIDs-exacerbated respitoratory disease (NERD) | Bronchial obstruction, dyspnea and/or nasal congestion/rhinorrhea | Acute (usually immediate to several hours after exposure) | Asthma/rhinosinuitis/nasal polyps | Cross-reactive | Non-allergic COX-1 Inhibition | 9 |
NSAIDs-exacerbated cutaneous disease (NECD) | Wheals and/or angioedema | Chronic urticaria | Cross-reactive | Non-allergic COX-1 Inhibition | 14 | |
NSAIDs-induced urticaria/angioedema (NIUA) | Wheals and/or angioedema | No underlying chronic diseases | Cross-reactive | Non-allergic Unknown, probably COX-1 inhibition | 6 | |
Single NSAID-induced urticaria/angioedema and anaphylaxis (SNIUAA) | Wheals/angioedema/anaphylaxis | No underlying chronic diseases | Single drug induced | Allergic IgE-mediated | 9 | |
Single-NSAID-induced delayed reactions (SNIDR) | Various symptoms and organs involved (e.g., fixed drug eruption, SJS/TEN, nephritis) | Delayed onset (usually more than 24Â h after exposure) | No underlying chronic diseases | Single drug or multiple drug induced | Allergic T-cell mediated | 0 |