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Table 3 Pre-challenge levels of serum α-casein, β-lactoglobulin and ovalbumin specific IgA, IgG (total) and IgG4 in young children with gastrointestinal symptoms suggestive of non-IgE cow’s milk allergy

From: Markers of gut mucosal inflammation and cow’s milk specific immunoglobulins in non-IgE cow’s milk allergy

 

DBPCFC negative

DBPCFC positive

p-values*

Controls(with no diet restrictions)

p-values**

 

n = 39

n = 18

 

n = 22

 

α-casein

     

Total IgG

1.16 (0.80–1.70)

1.36 (0.64–2.88)

0.8410

4.16 (2.01–8.60)

0.0054*

IgG1

0.54 (0.30–1.0)

0.52 (0.25–1.11)

0.7300

0.84 (0.31–2.26)

0.7761

IgG4

0.07 (0.05–0.10)

0.09 (0.04–0.19)

0.6394

0.21 (0.11–0.37)

0.0024*

Total IgA

1.46 (1.00–2.13)

1.33 (0–71–2.50)

0.4969

4.14 (2.20–7.80)

0.0050*

β-lactoglobulin

     

Total IgG

0.43 (0.28–0.70)

0.27 (0.10–0.71)

0.3924

0.44 (0.27–0.69)

0.5770

IgG1

0.026 (0.009–0.07)

0.04 (0.01–0.19)

0.5463

0.05 (0.001–0.20)

0.6848

IgG4

0.004 (0.001–0.009)

0.005 (0.0001–0.03)

0.9362

0.06 (0.01–0.29)

0.0029*

Total IgA

0.35 (0.24–0.51)

0.35 (0.20–0.60)

0.9743

0.96 (0.50–1.86)

0.0100*

Ovalbumin

     

Total IgG

2.67 (1.24–5.75)

3.40 (0.95–12.14)

0.5857

3.27 (0.95–11.27)

0.8053

IgG1

0.58 (0.27–1.25)

0.95 (0.28–3.24)

0.4520

1.26 (0.40–4.00)

0.3756

IgG4

0.11 (0.05–0.23)

0.25 (0.07–0.92)

0.1652

0.21 (0.05–0.73)

0.3299

Total IgA

1.34 (0.97–1.86)

0.89 (0.69–1.1)

0.1147

1.82 (0.95–3.48)

0.1087

  1. These levels are expressed as Arbitrary Units (AU). Cow’s milk allergy was diagnosed with the double-blind, placebo-controlled food challenge (DBPCFC). Reported figures are geometric means (with 95% confidence interval of the mean).
  2. *The Mann–Whitney test p-value between the two patient groups.
  3. **p-values calculated by multiple comparison ANOVA (nonparametric Kruskall-Wallis test), comparing the two patient groups and the control group.